This course deals with salt and water transport: applying theoretical methods for membrane processes to analyse transport in the gut. It also deals with how to observe and analyse internal body organs using non-invasive techniques and concludes by looking at various theories on the origin of living matter.

Radiation quantities: Definitions and Units Radiation detection methods: ionization in gases; Ionization in semiconductors. Scintillation Gamma spectrometry. Neutron .detection. Thermoluminescence. Film Dosimetry, Chemical dosimeter (Fricke). Particle Track detection, calorimetry, etc. counting statistics Dosimetry: External dosimetry (gamma). Internal dosimetry. Reference Man Patient. Dosimetry in radiographic examination, mammography, fluoroscopy and computed tomography


The External Radiation Hazard and Protection: Time, distance and shielding, Monitoring for external radiations (areas and personal). The Internal Radiation Hazard and Protection: Sources and type of airborne contaminants, control of the internal radiation hazard, exposure reduction, intemal dosimetry. Waste Management, Contamination, protection against Contamination, (protective clothing, decontamination) Waste disposal, packaging and safe transport of radioactive materials. Principles of Radiation Protection, Justification, optimization, dose limit, international safety standards: ICRP, BSS, NNRA. Elements of Radiation Protection Programmed in Medicine and Industry: Monitoring, Emergency preparedness planning and response. QA and QC tools and equipment(?). Training, Audit, Safety of equipment.